Mail Servers & Postfix
275 commands
postconf -dpostconf myhostnamepostconf -e 'myhostname=mail.example.com'postconf -Mpostconf -X mynetworkspostfix checksystemctl reload postfixpostfix flushpostfix startpostfix stopsystemctl restart postfixsystemctl status postfixjournalctl -u postfix -fnewaliasespostalias /etc/aliasespostalias -q webmaster /etc/aliasespostmap /etc/postfix/virtualpostmap -q user@example.com /etc/postfix/virtualpostqueue -fpostqueue -jpostqueue -i 4A2B3Cpostqueue -s example.compostsuper -d 4A2B3Cpostsuper -r 4A2B3Cpostsuper -r ALLpostsuper -h 4A2B3Cpostsuper -Hpostsuper -f 4A2B3Cpostsuper -ppostsuper -spostcat -q 4A2B3Cpostfix upgrade-configurationpostfix set-permissionsqshape deferredpflogsumm -d today /var/log/mail.logsmtp-source -s 3 -m 10 -f sender@example.com -t user@example.com smtp.example.comsmtp-sink -u admin -v 127.0.0.1 2525 10doveadm user -ldoveadm user user@example.comdoveadm pw -s SHA512-CRYPTdoveadm pw -p 'secret' -s SHA512-CRYPTdoveadm auth test user@example.comdoveadm auth login user@example.comdoveadm auth cache flushdoveadm whodoveadm kick user@example.comdoveadm reloaddoveadm stopdoveadm log errorsdoveadm log finddoveadm log reopendoveconf -ndoveadm mailbox list -u user@example.comdoveadm mailbox create -u user@example.com -s Sentdoveadm mailbox rename -u user@example.com OldSent Sentdoveadm mailbox delete -u user@example.com -r Legacydoveadm mailbox status -u user@example.com messages INBOXdoveadm fetch -u user@example.com 'uid text' mailbox INBOXdoveadm search -u user@example.com mailbox INBOX subject "invoice"doveadm move -u user@example.com Archive mailbox INBOX seendoveadm expunge -u user@example.com mailbox Trash 'SEEN'doveadm index -u user@example.com INBOXdoveadm force-resync -u user@example.com INBOXdoveadm quota get -u user@example.comdoveadm quota recalc -u user@example.comdoveadm purge -u user@example.comdoveadm backup -u user@example.com remote:backup.example.comdoveadm sync -u user@example.com remote:replica.example.comdoveadm stats dumpdoveadm stats toprspamadm pwrspamadm configdumprspamadm configtestrspamadm confighelp dnsrspamadm dkim_keygen -b 2048 -d example.com -s default -k /etc/rspamd/dkim/example.com.keyrspamadm mime sign -d example.com -s default -k /etc/rspamd/dkim/example.com.key message.emlrspamadm dnstool spf -d example.comrspamadm grep -p "BAYES_IS_SPAM" /var/log/rspamd/rspamd.logrspamadm control statrspamadm control reloadrspamadm control fuzzystatrspamc symbols < message.emlrspamc -R < message.emlrspamc -i 192.0.2.50 symbols < message.emlrspamc --header 'X-Test: 1' symbols < message.emlrspamc learn_spam message.emlrspamc learn_ham message.emlrspamc statrspamc uptimerspamc countersopendkim-genkey -D /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com -d example.com -s defaultopendkim-testkey -d example.com -s default -vvvopendkim-testmsg < message.emldig +short TXT default._domainkey.example.comdig +short TXT example.comdig +short TXT _dmarc.example.comdig +short MX example.comhost -t MX example.comhost -t TXT example.comnslookup -type=TXT default._domainkey.example.comdig +short TXT google._domainkey.example.comdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml psdocker compose logs -f postfix-mailcowdocker compose logs -f dovecot-mailcowdocker compose exec postfix-mailcow postqueue -pdocker compose exec postfix-mailcow postconf -ndocker compose exec postfix-mailcow newaliasesdocker compose exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm user -ldocker compose exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm mailbox status -u user@example.com messagesdocker compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm pwdocker compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm configdump./generate_config.sh./update.shdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml pulldocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml up -ddocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml downdocker compose restart postfix-mailcow./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup all --delete-days 3docker compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u mailcow -p mailcowswaks --to test@example.com --server smtp.example.comswaks --to user@example.com --from me@example.com --header-Subject "test" --body "hi"swaks --tls --to user@example.com --server smtp.example.com:587swaks --auth --auth-user me@example.com --auth-password 'secret' --to user@example.com --server smtp.example.com:587openssl s_client -starttls smtp -connect smtp.example.com:25 -servername smtp.example.comopenssl s_client -starttls smtp -connect smtp.example.com:587 -crlfopenssl s_client -connect smtp.example.com:465openssl s_client -starttls imap -connect imap.example.com:143openssl s_client -connect imap.example.com:993nc -vz smtp.example.com 25nc -vz smtp.example.com 587nc -vz smtp.example.com 465curl -X POST https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/mail/send -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"personalizations":[{"to":[{"email":"user@example.com"}]}],"from":{"email":"me@example.com"},"subject":"Hello","content":[{"type":"text/plain","value":"Hi there"}]}'curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/suppression/bounces -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/suppression/bounces/email@example.com -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X DELETE https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/suppression/bounces/email@example.com -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/suppression/spam_reports -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/suppression/invalid_emails -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/global_suppressions/email@example.com -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X DELETE https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/global_suppressions/email@example.com -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/stats?start_date=2026-08-01" -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"curl -X GET https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/verified_senders -H "Authorization: Bearer $SENDGRID_API_KEY"sa-learn --spam spam.emlsa-learn --ham ham.emlsa-learn --syncsa-learn --forget message.emlsa-learn --dump magicsa-learn --clearspamassassin -t < message.emlspamassassin -e < message.emlspamassassin --lintspamc -c < message.emlspamc -r < message.emlspamc -y < message.emlspamc -L spam < message.emlimapsync --host1 imap.old.example.com --user1 user@example.com --password1 secret --host2 imap.new.example.com --user2 user@example.com --password2 secretsievec /etc/dovecot/sieve/dovecot.sievesieve-test script.sieve message.emlsystemctl restart dovecotdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml ps --format jsondocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml topdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml config --quietdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml imagesdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml up -d --remove-orphansdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml pull postfix-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml down --volumesdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml restartdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml restart rspamd-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml restart dovecot-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml restart nginx-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml restart watchdog-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 postfix-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs -f --tail=50 dovecot-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 rspamd-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 nginx-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=50 acme-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=50 watchdog-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 sogo-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 clamd-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 mysql-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 php-fpm-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 unbound-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 ofelia-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 olefy-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 dockerapi-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 netfilter-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 memcached-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 postfix-tlspol-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml logs --tail=100 redis-mailcowdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postfix checkdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postqueue -jdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postqueue -s example.comdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postsuper -d ALLdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postsuper -r ALLdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postcat -q 4A2B3C7D9Edocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postconf transport_mapsdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postmap -q user@example.com /opt/postfix/conf/sql/virtual_alias_maps.cfdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec postfix-mailcow postfix flushdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm expunge -u user@example.com mailbox Trash ALLdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm force-resync -u user@example.com INBOXdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm quota recalc -u user@example.comdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm quota get -u user@example.comdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm whodocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm kick '192.0.2.50'docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm reloaddocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm search -u user@example.com mailbox INBOX subject 'invoice'docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm fetch -u user@example.com 'uid text' mailbox INBOXdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm mailbox status -u user@example.com 'messages vsize' INBOXdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm mailbox list -u user@example.comdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec -u sogo sogo-mailcow sogo-tool backup -F ALL /etc/sogo user@example.orgdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec -u sogo sogo-mailcow sogo-tool restore -F ALL /etc/sogo user@example.orgdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm dkim_keygen -d example.com -s defaultdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm dkim_keygen -d example.com -s mailcow -b 2048 -k /etc/rspamd/dkim/mailcow.keydocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc -h rspamd:11333 symbols < /tmp/message.emldocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc -h rspamd:11333 learn_spam /tmp/spam.emldocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc -h rspamd:11333 statdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc -h rspamd:11333 countersdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm control reloaddocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm control statdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm configtestdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm historydocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec redis-mailcow redis-cli DEL Q_LAST_NOTIFIEDdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec redis-mailcow redis-cli INFO memorydocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec redis-mailcow redis-cli DBSIZEdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec redis-mailcow redis-cli CONFIG GET maxmemorydocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u mailcow -p mailcow -e 'UPDATE quarantine SET notified=0;'docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u mailcow -p mailcow -e 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS q FROM quarantine;'docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u mailcow -p mailcow -e 'SELECT username, active FROM mailbox LIMIT 20;'docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec mysql-mailcow mysqldump -u mailcow -p mailcow mailcow | gzip > /backup/mailcow-db.sql.gzdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec -T unbound-mailcow drill example.com MX @127.0.0.1docker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec -T clamd-mailcow clamdscan --pingdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec nginx-mailcow nginx -tdocker compose -f /opt/mailcow-dockerized/docker-compose.yml exec nginx-mailcow nginx -s reloadcd /opt/mailcow-dockerized && sudo ./update.shcd /opt/mailcow-dockerized && ./generate_config.sh./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup vmail --delete-days 7./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup mysql --delete-days 7./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup rspamd --delete-days 7./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh restore all /backup/mailcow-backup-2026-08-09.tar.gz./helper-scripts/mailcow-reset-admin.shrm -rf /opt/mailcow-dockerized/data/assets/sslecho 'MAILDIR_GC_TIME=60' >> /opt/mailcow-dockerized/mailcow.confcurl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/mailbox/all" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/mailbox/jane@example.com" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/add/mailbox" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"local_part":"jane","domain":"example.com","password":"S3curePass!2026","quota":"10240","active":"1"}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/mailbox" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":["jane@example.com"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/add/alias" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"address":"info@example.com","goto":"jane@example.com"}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/alias" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":["info@example.com"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/add/domain" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"domain":"example.com","aliases":"10","mailboxes":"10","defquota":"10240","maxquota":"102400","quota":"102400"}'curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/domain/all" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/quarantine/all" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/qitem" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"action":"release","items":["5f8a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8c9d0e"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/qitem" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"action":"learnham","items":["5f8a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8c9d0e"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/qitem" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":["5f8a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8c9d0e"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/add/dkim" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"dkim_selector":"default","domains":["example.com"],"key_size":2048}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/dkim" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"dkim_selector":"default","domains":["example.com"]}'curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/dkim/example.com" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/add/bcc" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"local_dest":"jane@example.com","bcc_dest":"archive@example.com","type":"sender"}'curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/bcc/1" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/bcc" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":[1]}'curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/mailq/all" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/delete/mailq" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"action":"super_delete","mailq_ids":["4A2B3C7D9E"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/mailbox" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"attr":"active","items":["jane@example.com"]}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/rl-mbox" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":["jane@example.com"],"rl_value":"50","rl_frame":"minute"}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/spam-score" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"items":["jane@example.com"],"score":5}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/domain/footer" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"attr":"footer","items":["example.com"],"footer":"Sent from example.com"}'curl -X POST "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/edit/quarantine_notification" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"active":true,"interval":"daily"}'curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/dovecot" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/postfix" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/sasl" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/rspamd-history" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/netfilter" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/logs/api" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/status/containers" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/status/vmail" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"curl -X GET "https://mail.example.com/api/v1/get/status/version" -H "X-API-Key: $MAILCOW_API_KEY"